Ngokungangabazeki, IT iyona enzima kakhulu iminyaka engu-10 embonini yezingubo eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, impilo yokuqala yebhizinisi yendabuko yokudayisa ugesi wendabuko, kuze kube yiminyaka yamuva, abambalwa kuphela abahlakazekile embonini yezingubo zokuthengisa izinkampani zokuthengisa, i-90% yezinkampani ekunciphiseni, kodwa ingxenye quotient sishintshile embonini yezingubo has ezingaphezu kuka 40%, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimboni, bendabuko izingubo okudayisa Internet hit ababayo kakhulu.

Ngenxa yalokho, izitolo eziningi ezibonakalayo seziqalile ukuhamba ngendlela ye-e-commerce, kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kobuchwepheshe obufanele, isitolo ngokuvamile sidinga ukuba namasethi amabili abasebenzi, inhlangano yokuphatha, isitolo senethiwekhi yamapayipi, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphindwe kabili kwabasebenzi. nezinsiza ezibonakalayo, umphumela ukhungathekile.

Kuyafaneleka, uma isitolo senetha senza imali , kodwa ibhizinisi le-intanethi lihle ngempela ukwenza infact? Sonke siyazi ukuthi u-90% wamabhizinisi e-e-commerce akuwo awenzi nzuzo kulezi zinsuku, njenge-Alibaba. Uma une-ecosystem lapho u-90% wabantu bengayenzi imali, yilapho wonke umuntu kufanele abaleke, futhi leyo ecosystem akulona ikusasa lokuthengisa izingubo.

Okokuqala, vumela umcabango ushintshe futhi isigaba sempilo sizobe sesivuthiwekancane kancane

Linjani ikusasa? Ngokuzayo, izitolo zezimpahla zendabuko ezidayisa izitini nodaka zizolahlekelwa omunye u-50%, okuzobe kungu-50% onyamalalayo futhi ngubani ozoba ngama-50% asele, kuye ngokuthi ubani ongazisindisa.

Ukugqokwa kwabesifazane, ukugqokwa kwabesilisa, ezemidlalo, imfashini kwabesilisa, ngaphandle, uphawu oludumile, zonke izigaba zaqala ukuvuthwa nokuncintisana kwanda. Isigaba semikhiqizo ehamba phambili senza u-40% noma ngaphezulu wesabelo sesigaba ngasinye. Ukukhuphuka kwelogo ethandwayo eminyakeni emibili edlule, alukho uhlobo lobuholi obuphelele.

Imboni yezimpahla zokuthengisa izithiyo eziphansi zokungena. Kodwa-ke, izinga eliphelele labasebenzi kanye nabasebenzi kulo mkhakha alilingani, futhi iningi labo selisebenze iminyaka eminingana. Laba abazibiza ngabaphathi abawazi imiqondo ethile kodwa abanombono ophakeme kodwa ikhono eliphansi. Izimpahla zokuthengisa, zingakwazi ukwenza kahle le mboni, zingakwazi ukuzibandakanya kunoma iyiphi imboni yokudayisa.

Njengamanje, ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla zokugqoka kuhlukaniswe ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo zendabuko nezithengiswa ngokushesha, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwesiteji esiyisisekelo kunciphisa. Ngo-2010, imikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe ye-FMCG yangena emakethe yaseShayina ngezinga elikhulu. Esikhathini segolide eminyakeni elandelayo, isivinini sesitolo sasishesha kakhulu, okwaba nomthelela omkhulu ekudayiseni kwempahla yendabuko yasekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-e-commerce kumthelela wemikhiqizo yasekhaya yendabuko nakho kuyindaba ende. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngo-2015, lezi zinhlobo ezidayiswa ngokushesha zamazwe ngamazwe nazo ziqale ukwehla, futhi ngisho nabaningi babo baqale ukuvala izitolo nokwandisa imigqa yabo engaphansi.

Kodwa eminyakeni yakamuva izinkampani zephinikhodi ezisheshayo zizama ukungena eziteshini eziku-inthanethi, kodwa futhi kunzima ukuthola ithuba ngokuncika kuleli phuzu elikhulu lokukhula.

Okwesibili, ufuna ukushintsha isimo samanje sochwepheshe abambalwa

Izinkampani ezingaphila futhi zenze kahle esikhathini esizayo kumele zibe nezinto ezine: ihadiwe, isoftware, i-inthanethi nokuqukethwe. Futhi lezi zinto ezine kufanele zihlanganiswe, ziphelelisane.

Abathengisi bezimpahla zesikhathi esizayo, akuzona zonke izitolo ezizonyamalala, isitolo sebhizinisi sizoba khona, kodwa sikhona futhi asisekho ukuzimela kwesitolo se-inthanethi, kodwa ukuhlangana okuhlangene Kwabiwe i-OTO yonke, isitolo sebhizinisi siwukuphambukisa kokungena, ukujula kwenkonzo. iphoyinti lokufinyelela, elokunikeza abathengi ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye newindi lokuqonda, iwukuba uqondise abathengi ku-inthanethi okwandayo imvamisa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa.

Ukuhlolwa kwekusasa lezitolo ezidayisayo, i-KPI ayiseyena umabhalane wokuthengisa, kodwa uma wakhe ubuhlobo obuqinile kanye nabathengi, ukuthembela kwabathengi kuwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakho kanye nezinsizakalo ku-intanethi, ukuhleleka okwengeziwe, lokhu kuyisihluthulelo Ikusasa lebhizinisi, kumele libe seduze nomthengi, lizama ukuqoqa abathengi imodeli yebhizinisi entsha.

Imodeli yokudayisa yesikhathi esizayo kufanele ibe iphoyinti-kuya-iphuzu, umuntu nomuntu, ehlukaniselwe amazwe futhi ehlukaniseke phakathi, uhlobo lwemodeli eyisicaba, enezinhlangothi eziningi ehle ifike kubukhulu obuthathu noma obubili. Okusho ukuthi, akusafani nesikhathi esidlule, kunezingqimba zabathengisi, kukhona izinga elilodwa lama-ejenti, abakhiqizi bangabathengisi ngokuqondile, ngokuqondile nomthengi ukusungula ubuhlobo obuqinile.

A. Ukusebenza okuqondile kwenkampani yomkhiqizo kungase kunikeze isiqondiso esichwepheshile, futhi nokulawulwa kwemakethe kungcono.

B. Amanye ama-ejenti anezilinganiso zesifunda asevele eshintshile noma ashintsha abe izinkampani ezikhethekile.

C. Iningi labaqhubi lisesesimweni sokwelusa izimvu, ngaphandle kwekhono lokuhlaziya idatha, ukuphathwa kwezitolo ezithengisa impahla, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokubukisa. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, bathembele kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kanye nemizwa yabo, ngakho-ke kuhlale kunzima ukuzuza ukukhushulwa kwempumelelo nokuthuthuka.

Okwesithathud, Hlobo luni lwemali etshaliwe kanye nenzuzo eyenziwe yizitolo ngemuva koguquko

Sizobe sinjani ngempela isitolo esikhathini esizayo kanye nendlela yokuqalisa uguquko ukuze sibambe ithuba lokuhlanganyela ikhekhe kule makethe yezigidigidi.

Kalula nje esikhathini esizayo, zonke izimpahla ezitolo zinekhodi yazo ye-qr, ikhodi ibonisa imininingwane ehlukahlukene yezimpahla, isitolo sinolwazi oluhlukahlukene kanye nesibonisi, singathengwa ngokuqondile, singabuye sibe yikhaya lokuthenga ku-inthanethi, ku-inthanethi. kanye nokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi yonke imininingwane yempahla, imininingwane yekhasimende ngokusebenzisa iqoqo lobuchwepheshe be-IT ukuze uthole ukwabelana okuvumelanayo, konke okune-inthanethi yeselula.

Wonke umuntu endaweni unentshisekelo enkulu kule modeli yesitolo sezitini nodaka. Kodwa-ke, amanye amabhizinisi asheshe abuze ukuthi izingubo abazikhiqizayo manje ezabathengi abaningi, kunezingubo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezisezingeni eliphezulu. Isitolo esinjalo esikhathini esizayo asibafanele.

Eqinisweni, isitolo sesikhathi esizayo kufanele sibe namamodeli amathathu: eyodwa ezakhiweni zamahhovisi, eyodwa ezindaweni eziseduze, enye emadolobheni.

Isamba esiphelele sokutshalwa kwezimali kuyinkambiso ekhulayo, kwabasanda kungena embonini yezimpahla zokugqoka, ukuhlobisa izitolo, iqoqo lokuqala lezimpahla nokunye okutshaliwe manje sekukhulu kakhulu, kuye ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokusebenza, ukutshalwa kwezimali esitolo ngokuvamile. kusuka ku-200,000-300,000 umugqa wokuqala, ongavaliwe. Ezitolo ezinkulu ezisebenza ngokubambisana, umjikelezo wesitatimende wanyanga zonke uyizinsuku ezingama-60. Esimeni senxanxathela yezitolo ezinokuboleka okungagculisi, umjikelezo wokuboleka ungase ube yizinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5. Lesi yisigameko esicishe sibe yingozi kuma-opharetha angama-illiquid.

Njengamanje, ama-oda ezimpahla zohlobo lwasekhaya asekelwe ikakhulukazi esikhathini esizayo, ngokuvamile esibekwa izingxenye ezimbili ngonyaka. Amanye ama-brand asevuthiwe abekwa izikhathi ezine, futhi ngokuvamile, kuba nemihlangano yoku-oda eyisithupha. Ama-oda we-futures adinga iphesenti elithile lediphozithi, okwandisa ingcindezi emalini yokusebenza.

Okwesine, i-inventory kanye nenzuzo yemodeli yesikhathi esizayo ye-suburban yezitolo

Endabeni yebhizinisi labathengi abaningi, izitolo zasemadolobheni zesikhathi esizayo zingase zimfanele. Qasha indawo yokugcina impahla eshibhile endaweni eyihlane enendawo eningi futhi uyiguqule ibe isitolo sekusasa labathengisi bezingubo, lapho konke kungazanywa khona futhi zonke izingubo ishibhile kune-inthanethi.

Ngasikhathi sinye, bonke abasebenzi babambe iqhaza ochwepheshe bokuklama izingubo, lapho abathengi bethenga lapha, c ungumklami wezingubo osondelene kakhulu, onomakhi wezakhiwo kanye nomakhi wokukhetha nokuthenga, wonke umthengi angenza imizuzu engu-5-10 yocwaningo lwesidingo. , bese kuba abaklami ngezeluleko zobungcweti ukubanikeza isethi yokuthenga isixazululo sezingubo abazikhethele futhi bazifanise, ekugcineni bangazama kusipiliyoni sesitolo, bakhethe izingubo ezifanele, indlela yazo zonke izinhlobo ze-inthanethi ezingakhokha, futhi ke izingubo zingatholakala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva ukuthumela ekhaya.

Ngokuzayo, ifektri izoba isitolo sokudayisa. Inqobo nje uma ama-ejenti angaphambili anamazinga amaningi esuswa futhi inzuzo ephezulu ibuyiselwa kubathengi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, abathengi bazovuma ukuchitha isikhathi nezindleko zokuya ezindaweni ezikude ukuze bayothenga.

Gcina nsuku zonke (irenti, imali ebanjwayo, ezinye izindleko) enxanxatheleni yezitolo minyaka yonke, inombolo encane kuphela yemikhiqizo eqinile ingaba namandla athile okuxoxisana.

I-Inventory ibilokhu iyinkinga enkulu yebhizinisi lezingubo. Njengamanje, amabhrendi ahlukene anamasu ahlukene okugaya izimpahla eziphuma ngaphandle kwesizini ngenxa yenkinga yokubeka uphawu. Kepha ama-opharetha amaningi ahudulwa phansi ngokusungula.

Umkhuba usuwonke wezaphulelo zokuthengisa ubulokhu ukhula unyaka nonyaka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushuba kokuncintisana kwemikhiqizo; ngakolunye uhlangothi, wukumisa nokudotshwa kwabasebenzi benxanxathela yezitolo ukuze kube nezinkomba zokusebenza zonyaka. Imikhawulo yenzuzo yemboni ivamise ukuba cishe ku-10%, futhi abaqhubi abaningi banamamajini angaphansi kuka-10%.

Emabhizinisini, abakwazi nje ukonga izindleko, kodwa futhi babe nokuqonda okuqondile kwezidingo zabathengi, izintandokazi nolwazi, ukuze bakhe ubudlelwano obujulile nobuqinile, bazuze imikhuba yokusetshenziswa kwemvamisa ephezulu, futhi balethe olunye uguquko embonini yonke. .

Okwesihlanu. Imodeli yomphakathi yezitolo zesikhathi esizayo

Kuthiwani ngesitolo samamodeli somphakathi sesikhathi esizayo? Isevisi nokwethenjwa kusenhliziyweni yesitolo somphakathi esizayo.

Njengokuvula isitolo somphakathi, endaweni ehlala endaweni eseduze, izakhamuzi eziseduze zizoba nabathengi abahlukahlukene, zingaba nolwazi lwabesifazane, kungase kube umama wekhaya, njll., isidingo somuntu ngamunye sihlukile, izitolo zomphakathi okufanele zikwenze qonda izidingo zabathengi abahlukene, ubenzele ofanelana nabo, isiko lapha akusho ukuthi ukwenza izingubo, kodwa ngenxa yemisebenzi yabo, benze njengomthengi kusuka ezidingweni zabo, ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo yabo, ibe mincane futhi inhle, yonga izindleko, bakhetha umabhalane bangathumela ulwazi oluhlukene lokukhumbuza ngokusho kwabantu abahlukene, hlobo luni lwezingubo ezingaba luhle kuwe, ezikukhethele zona, Abathengi abaku-inthanethi bangaphequlula futhi bafake ama-oda ngokuqondile, noma benze isikhathi sokuzizama esitolo somzimba. .

Lapho abathengi bebathemba ngokugcwele abasizi bezitolo ezitolo zomphakathi futhi bakha ubuhlobo obuhle, banganikeza abasizi bezitolo ukukhetha okwengeziwe, njengezingubo zamanye amalungu omkhaya, ezingadlulela kancane kancane ezidingweni zezinye izinto zasekhaya. .

Isilinganiso sempumelelo yomthengisi esikhathini esizayo kumele kube ikhono lakhe lokuqoqa abasebenzisi.

Ukucatshangelwa kokuqala ekwakhiweni kochungechunge lwenani lenkampani, isendlalelo sokuqala ngaso sonke isikhathi singabasebenzisi, amabhizinisi ezingubo kufanele futhi anjalo, labo abahlale besebenzelana nabasebenzisi, abathengisa izingubo futhi abazi ukuthi ubani othengisa isikhathi sesidlulile, ushintsha imibono kanye nokuma okuhle. kwesokudla ukwamukela i-inthanethi kanye ne-inthanethi yeselula iyibhizinisi lokudayisa izingubo ukugwema ukuba uguquko, indlela engenakugwenywa yokuphuma ebusika obubandayo.

2019-2020 izinguquko zephethini yokushova

Imikhiqizo emikhulu enamandla aqinile izolungisa kancane kancane imodi yokukhuthaza ibhizinisi, yethule uhlobo olusha kanye nemodi yokubopha ubungozi bomthengisi, futhi yenze imizamo ejulile...

Imikhiqizo ekwazi ukubona izinto kusengaphambili, efana nalawo amabhizinisi abelokhu esesimweni esibucayi futhi aselungisiwe eminyakeni edlule, kanye nemikhiqizo emisha yezimpahla ezishisayo, iyaqhubeka nokuphuma ngaphandle, futhi iyaqhubeka nokwandisa isabelo sayo semakethe ngokuthembela ikhono lokushintsha ngokushesha ama-oda futhi ulandelele ama-oda ngamapuleti amancane, kanye nendawo eshisayo esebenza kahle esitolo esisodwa...

Kunini lapho izitolo zezimpahla zokugqoka zizoba zinganamuntu? Kungashiwo ukuthi akunakwenzeka, esikhathini esidlule lapho zazingekho izimoto, amahhashi ayegijima emgwaqeni, kungekho bhokisi, nabathwali bempahla basebenza ezikhumulweni zemikhumbi, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bungenza izinto eziningi manje kangangokuthi odokotela abayisisekelo esikhathini esizayo bangashintshwa kuphela uma benza. bangathuthuki.